Refining of hydrocarbon oil



Patented Dec. 6 1932 No Drawing.

JAdQun oh MORZRELLTAND anssii 1.. Essex; of Clarence, jmifidis,lrssienassgirb umvnnsnnon. rnonuc'rs COMPANY, or CHICAGO, ILLINoIsA-ooRroRA'rIoN .01

SOUTH DAKOTA This application is a continuation in part of our application Serial No. 245,625, filed J anuary 9, 1928.

his invention relates to the refining of hydrocarbon oil, and refers more particularly to the treatment of hydrocarbon oil to remove therefrom, or convert therein, gummy components or other deleterious compounds contained therein, or gum forming or color forming, or other materials which might react to form undesirable compounds.

In its broad aspects the invention is directed to the treatment of distillates comprising the condensed overhead product of hydrocarbon oil distillation, and in 1ts more specific aspects it is directed to the treatment of cracked distillates produced from the subjection of hydrocarbon oil to conversion conditions of heat in liquid phase or vapor phase processes.

The invention has been found to be of particular utility in connection with the degumming of distillates produced from vapor phase cracking processes.

The invention contemplates the use of borax (Na B O either as the sole refining agent in the refining of oils, or to be used in conjunction with any of the well known refining agents normally used to convert or remove deleterious compounds contained 1n oils. The borax may be incorporated with the oil either in dry form or in the form of an aqueous solution. The inventive concept of the invention, therefore, comprises the d1stillation or heating of distillates in the presence of borax. I

Illustrative of one embodiment of the invention, a cracked distillate produced by the vapor phase cracking process had incorporated with it dry borax on the basis of approximately one pound of borax per barrel of distillate treated. The borax was introduced into the oil while the latter was at approximately atmospheric temperature and incorporated in the oil by stirring or other suitable agitation. The mixture was then subjected to heat, the temperature gradually being permitted to rise to approximately 300 F. During this heating period distillation resulted, the vaporous products of dis- REFINING or HYDRooAniaon oiL" Application filed November 5,

mam @as' enda 5 Spam-dawn fee gasolme motor fuel) being removed asjde slred. The gasoliiieproduced fromtheorigi- I naldis'tillate' before treatment showed a grim are @706 l am r l a h b ed i r m thi il v ng e treated bo'raxshowed a gum contentof 75 milligrams per 100' ccs, indicating a very marked reduction in undesirable components. The colorof mgmlmfibin tne berag treatment was plus 28 while gthe gasoline distilled over from the disti are without boraxwas 18 color; In comparison the same oil was distilled oyr fullers eal' th which effects a marked color reduction and showed en-1y 22 color. v J 1 a As another, example, a treated vapor phase cracked distillate distilled over fullers' earth showed a; um reduction from8l8 O' to 191 milligrams per ooccs. When'distilled over bora'x the same sample was reduced from 880 to 94 milligrams per 100 are. The" 0616i 61? the sample dis'tilled OVI bar-ax, was" pius rs, while-that distilled over fulli"s earth was Q10. When distilled over a mixture ofboraian d clay, orf generally speaking, earthyadsorb ents, or fullersfear-th, a color'of 21 was .ob' taihed with the sainii matrial, indieating that some instances a mixturebf Borax with fullers or other active clay resulted i n abet't'er product than the use offborax or clay alone. In this latter treatment, one-half pound of bo'r'ax wasused with'one-"hailf pound of'clay', the miirturecomprisingapproximate- 1y one pound-per barrel zof distillate treated'.

It i's to'be understood that we do not wish to limit the invention to thepar't'icular pro: po1t 1ons"of degumrnmg' and decolo'rizing medium: specified, sincethese proportionsmay vary widely beingconditional upon the-distillate treated and the amount of deaqua. r nation of borax's ch tli'atth aniliinit earth, or the like." The best results up to the pres'enttime have been secured in distilling distillates which have been previously subtemperature conditions adequate to' effect such removal. I

8. A ste in a process of refining vapor move gummy compounds which comprises distilling said .distillatesover amixture of borax and adsorbent of the clay .typeunder temperature conditions adequate to effect such removal and in the presence of steam.

at, JACQUE'G. MORRIELL. 7 i. E JESSE L.

jected to acid treatment; In'additibn-tdac complishing the object of the present invenjtion, the use of borax is advantageous'in'view of its eco nomy, it being relatively inex i v pensivefj" a such removal.

uwe claimas'our invention:

,1'." A'step in a process of-refining cracked hydrocarbon distillates to' r'emove gummy compounds, comprising subjecting said distillatescto, heat in the presence of a mixture of boraxand adsorbent of the clay type under temperature conditions adequate to effect 2.. A step in'a process of refining cracked hydrocarbon distillates to remove gummy compounds which comprises subjecting said distillates to the action of a mixture of borax and adsorbent of the clay type under'temperature conditions adequate to effect such removal.

' 3. Ai'step in a process of refining cracked hydrocarbon distillates to remove gummy compounds which comprises distilling said phase crac ed hydrocarbon distillates to redistillates over a mixture ofrboraxand adsorbent of-the claytype under temperature con'ditions adequate toefiect such removal.

. type under temperature g 4. A- step in a process of refining cracked hydrocarbon distillates to remove gummy compoundswhich comprises vdistilling said distillates'over-a .mixture of borax and ad sorbent'ofthe clay type under temperature conditionsadequate toefiect such removal Y and inIthe presence of steam.

' 5. A step in a process of refining vapor 7 phase cracked hydrocarbon distillates to remove gummy compounds, comprising sub jecting said distillates to heat in the presence of. amixtureof borax and adsorbent of the clay type 1under temperature conditions adequate to eifect such removal.

" lio 6.-A step in a process of refining vapor phase. cracked hydrocarbon distillates to re;

move gummy compounds which comprises 1 subjecting'said distillates to the action of a mixture o if borax and adsorbent of the clay conditions adequate to' efi'e'ct such removal;

7. A- step in a process of refining vapor 7 phase: cracked hydrocarbon distillates toremove gummy .jfcompoundsjwhich comprises distilling said distillates over a mixture of borax-and adsorbent of the clay type under 

